Knowledge

Knowledge is a familiarity, awareness or understanding of someone or something, such as facts, information, descriptions, or skills, which is acquired through experience or education by perceiving, discovering, or learning.

Knowledge is not of predetermined events and states of affairs, but knowledge of how to interfere with and divert the natural course of events so as to improve our subjective well-being. Knowledge does not help us predict an unalterable course of events but is a tool of purposefully changing and hope-fully bettering future outcomes and events. Our actions, unlike the operations of an automaton, are not a series of predetermined events which the knower cannot influence and with respect to whose outcome he is indifferent. Rather, our actions are sequences of decisions (choices) of altering the predetermined course of events to our advantage. We are never neutral or indifferent toward the course of future events. Instead, we always prefer one course of events over another, and we use our knowledge to bring about our preferences. For us, knowledge is practical and effective, and while it is imperfect and subject to error, it is the only means of achieving human betterment. (Hoppe 1997)

The capacity to take effective action in variable and uncertain situations. Capacity means the potential and actual ability. Thus, we tie knowledge directly into action or changes in the world. (Bennett 2014b)

Plato: justified true belief.

Sources of knowledge: Experience (perception, memory, introspection) and reason. A Priori knowledge is absolutely independent of experience – Kant: (Moser 2002)

Wikipedia

Knowledge is a familiarity, awareness or understanding of someone or something, such as facts, information, descriptions, or skills, which is acquired through experience or education by perceiving, discovering, or learning. Read More

Other References

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Dictionary
Cognizance. The fact or condition of knowing something with familiarity gained through experience or association. Acquaintance with or understanding of a science, art, or technique. The fact or condition of being aware of something. The range of one’s information or understanding. The circumstance or condition of apprehending truth or fact through reasoning cognition. The fact or condition of having information or of being learned. Sexual intercourse. The sum of what is known the body of truth, information, and principles acquired by humankind. A branch of learning. A branch of artificial intelligence that emphasizes the development and use of expert systems. Knowledge or understanding of one’s own capabilities, character, feelings, or motivations.
Thesaurus	a body of facts learned by study or experience
Synonyms	lore, science, wisdom
Related Terms	dope, information, intelligence, know, lowdown, news, skinny []; data, evidence, facts; acquaintance, awareness, familiarity, literacy; erudition, learning, scholarship; expertise, know-how
Antonyms